IUCN Endangered (EN)
Plains-wanderer
Pedionomus torquatus
Small, quail-like bird of native grasslands, with a generally lanky appearance. Often adopt an upright posture, standing on tiptoe with their long, slender neck upstretched.
Size: Small (15-30cm)
The main call of the Plains-wanderer is a low-pitched, hollow-sounding and resonant coo. Other calls given when chicks are present include: a soft chuck, chuck to summon chicks when danger is present); a quiet irr (given in response to distress calls from chicks); and a drawn-out pie-pie-pie (to summon the chicks).
The Plains-wanderer is a small, quail-like bird with brownish plumage that provides wonderful camouflage. The upperparts are pale creamy-buff, intricately patterned with fine black swirls known as ‘vermiculations’. Its underparts are buffy with black crescents on the breast, giving a scaly or scalloped appearance. The female can be distinguished from the male by her wide, black collar with white spots, and a rich, rufous bib on her upper breast.
Plains-wanderers are confined to native grasslands, where they have very specific requirements. To support the species, the structure of these grasslands needs to have short grass (<5cm tall) growing in patches or clumps (50% vegetative cover), with areas of bare soil between the clumps, and small amounts of vegetative litter on the ground. If the grass becomes too long or too dense, it becomes unsuitable; similarly, if it becomes too sparse, it also becomes uninhabitable for Plains-wanderers.
Distribution map
When walking, Plains-wanderers often stop regularly to survey their surroundings, standing upright on tiptoes with the neck upstretched. When alarmed, they either crouch among the grass, where they are perfectly camouflaged by their highly cryptic plumage, or they may quickly run away, hunched with their head and neck held down and forward. They seldom fly.
Plains-wanderers were previously thought to be active only at night, but they are now known to feed and preen during daylight hours and twilight.
Plains-wanderers forage on the ground, mainly eating seeds and invertebrates such as spiders, beetles and caterpillars. They feed during the day and into the twilight, but not at night.
Plains-wanderers usually lay four stone-coloured eggs with many spots and squiggles. They are laid in a depression in the ground, scratched out by the female, sometimes with a canopy of grass pulled over the top of it. The male does most (or potentially all) of the incubation, and looks after the chicks when they hatch.
Species considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
IUCN status reflects the conservation status of this species globally.
Climate change
Habitat destruction
Invasive species
